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Rocca Maggiore (로카 마조레)

Assisi > (Attraction)

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10:00~20:00

Entrance fee ---------------- € 6

The first news about the Rocca Maggiore dates back to 1174, when it was rebuilt following the conquest of Assisi by the imperial troops led by Christi ... More

The first news about the Rocca Maggiore dates back to 1174, when it was rebuilt following the conquest of Assisi by the imperial troops led by Christian of Mainz (1174); but perhaps it already existed in the Lombard era. It is therefore probable that – on the remains of a pre-existing fortification – the fortress was rebuilt by the Swabians, as a feudal castle: it is also said that Frederick of Swabia – the future emperor Frederick II – stayed there in his youth, a guest of Corrado Lutzen.
The fortress stands out on the hill overlooking Assisi: above its walls stands the Maschio, from which you can enjoy a wonderful view of the city and the Umbrian Valley, from Perugia to Spoleto. Since ancient times, the place where the fortress stands was considered sacred and essential to the defense of the town.
In 1198 the castle was destroyed following a popular revolt to prevent it from falling into the hands of a papal governor: not wrongly, the people of Assisi saw in it a symbol of imperial oppression.
The fortress was rebuilt in 1365 by Cardinal Egidio Albornoz (then engaged in the submission of the main cities of the peninsula) as a sighting point: a typical example of medieval military architecture came out. Since then, the fortress was the protagonist of every attempt at conquest in alternating with the government of the city of the various lords and its defensive role increased over time with changes in the structure and with the construction of towers and bastions.
After Albornoz, the fortress was enlarged and modified by Biordo Michelotti (1395-98), Piccinino (1458), Pius II (1460), Sixtus IV (1478), Paul III (1535) and assumed a truly imposing appearance. It is tradition that the top of the hill was occupied by an acropolis since ancient times, but that it was devastated in 545 by the Gothic king Totila.
In the '600, the fortress was completely abandoned to remain almost intact until our century.
The fortress wanted by Albornoz was enlarged several times with the addition of bastions, but was devastated by the population following the unification of Italy (1859).

Today it is open to more and more visitors; from its towers offers a panorama among the widest and most evocative of all Umbria: Assisi gathered at its feet, the splendid Umbrian Valley. The evocative halls host thematic reconstructions inspired by medieval life.

#Assisi #요새 #중세도시 #피렌체근교 #The fortress #전망

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+39 075 813 8680

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Castel Sant'Elmo (산텔모성)

Napoli > (Attraction)

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08:30~18:30

Entrance fee ---------------- € 5

Castel Sant'Elmo dominates the city of Naples from the highest point of the Vomero hill, located in Largo San Martino, from which you can enjoy a sple ... More

Castel Sant'Elmo dominates the city of Naples from the highest point of the Vomero hill, located in Largo San Martino, from which you can enjoy a splendid view of the historic center.

It is a medieval castle built around the 1300 in the same place where, in the tenth century, there was a chapel dedicated to Sant'Erasmo, from which Eramo, Ermo and then Elmo, which gave the present name of the fortress. Originally it was a Norman observation tower (called Belforte), and it was Roberto d'Angiò who commissioned the architect Tino da Camaino in 1325 to construct the Palatium castrum, whose works ended in 1343 under the reign of Giovanna I d 'Anjou.

Since then the Castle was besieged several times for its strategic position and control on the streets of Naples, and was a military target especially during the dispute between Spaniards and French for the conquest of the Kingdom of Naples. Between 1537 and 1547 Castel Sant'Ermo, later called Sant'Elmo, was rebuilt by commission of the Spanish Viceroy Don Pedro De Toledo and assumed the current six-pointed star plan.

In the 1587 a lightning struck the castle destroying the castles and military houses and the internal church. The building was then rebuilt between the 1599 and the 1610 by the architect Domenico Fontana.

Between the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the castle became a prison, where the philosopher Tommaso Campanella was also a prisoner, and was the seat of revolutionary movements in the 1799, when it was taken by the people and besieged by the Republicans who proclaimed the Neapolitan Republic in the Piazza d'Armi. Castel Sant'Elmo, after the collapse of the republic, was still a prison, where Giustino Fortunato, Domenico Cirillo and Luisa Sanfelice were imprisoned, and remained a military prison until the 1952.

Only in the twentieth century 80 Castel Sant'Elmo became a structure of cultural and museum interest and from the 1982 the entire monumental complex was entrusted to the custody of the Superintendence for Artistic and Historical Heritage of Naples, open to the public in the 1988.

#나폴리항구 #Napoli #Naples #중세시대 요새 #전망대 #castle #시내 #observatory #세계3대미항 #이탈리아남부

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+39 081 229 4404

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Castel Nuovo (누오보성)

Napoli > (Attraction)

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08:30~18:30

Entrance fee ---------------- € 6

During the reign of Robert of Anjou, the Castle became a center of culture where artists, doctors and writers including Giotto, Petrarch and Boccaccio ... More

#Napoli #Naples #castle #중세시대 요새 #나폴리왕국 #샤를1세 #Anjou #나폴리항구 #이탈리아남부

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+39 081 795 7722 | https://www.comune.napoli.it/maschioangioino

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